Hostile architecture:

The installation of infrastructure and/or the removal of amenities to prevent the visibility of so-called ‘disorderly’ people in public space and around private property, while increasing the comfort for the consumer and so-called ‘orderly’ public.

The collection of photos below are examples of hostile architecture from places I have lived and travelled to, including Montreal, Toronto, Regina, Chicago, New York, Phoenix, San Francisco and Los Angeles.

Please credit all photographs to Melissa Folk.